Advantages And Disadvantages Of Hand Writing - 1325 Words

801085185 The Advantages of Hand Writing Versus Typing for Learning In a world driven by technology, it is easy to throw away learning methods of the past in favor of following up and coming trends. However, when it comes to writing by hand versus typing, the advantages to learning of writing by hand far outweigh the ease of use of typing. Through academic research of college note-takers and primary students as well as research on how the neuroscience behind hand writing works, it is proven that hand writing is superior to typing for learning. In a college setting, it is common to see students with a laptop computer taking notes during a lecture. On the surface, it is easy to see why students would prefer to use a keyboard for typing†¦show more content†¦(Bui in Aragon-Mendizabal 2016) This is because cognitive processing is shallower when using a keyboard. (Mueller and Oppenheimer 2014) Most typists tend to take notes verbatim, (Kiewra in Holz 2016) leading to very superficial levels of actual understanding. (Aragon- Mendizabal 2016) On the contrary, higher order thinking such as attention and memory are required when people take hand written notes. (Aragon- Mendizabal 2016) When taking notes longhand, writers must summarize, paraphrase, and relate concepts to one another in order to record the information in a timely enough manner. (University Wire 2016) Also, proofreading abilities are reduced on typed work, possibly due to the over usage of tools such as grammar and spelling check. (Lessien 2013) Success for students who hand write is documented not only for college students, but for young learners as well. Children as young as 4 years old show the benefits of hand writing before they are even able to read or write actual words. Advantages to writing by hand include better letter memorization and better memorization of shapes in 4-year-old children. (Longcamp in Sulzenbruck 2011) There is a greater association with reading and memorization related with hand writing as opposed to typing. (Longcamp in Wollscheild 2016) Also, hand writing leads to better development in both reading and math and provides a foundation for further academic achievement.Show MoreRelatedThe Debate Over Cell Phones863 Words   |  4 PagesThe Issue Behind the Text There are many arguments surrounding cell phones, its advantages, and disadvantages. The conversation occurring around this topic is texting. Texting is a form of communication by sending messages between cell phones. Texting has advantages including proof-reading words, reaching someone quicker, and record keeping. Texting has disadvantages as well including deficient writing skills, addiction, and distraction from personal relationships. 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The Lost Symbol Chapter 16-18 Free Essays

CHAPTER 16 Security chief Trent Anderson stormed back toward the Capitol Rotunda, fuming at the failure of his security team. One of his men had just found a sling and an army-surplus jacket in an alcove near the east portico. The goddamn guy walked right out of here! Anderson had already assigned teams to start scanning exterior video, but by the time they found anything, this guy would be long gone. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lost Symbol Chapter 16-18 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Now, as Anderson entered the Rotunda to survey the damage, he saw that the situation had been contained as well as could be expected. All four entrances to the Rotunda were closed with as inconspicuous a method of crowd control as Security had at its disposal–a velvet swag, an apologetic guard, and a sign that read THIS ROOM TEMPORARILY CLOSED FOR CLEANING. The dozen or so witnesses were all being herded into a group on the eastern perimeter of the room, where the guards were collecting cell phones and cameras; the last thing Anderson needed was for one of these people to send a cell-phone snapshot to CNN. One of the detained witnesses, a tall, dark-haired man in a tweed sport coat, was trying to break away from the group to speak to the chief. The man was currently in a heated discussion with the guards. â€Å"I’ll speak to him in a moment,† Anderson called over to the guards. â€Å"For now, please hold everyone in the main lobby until we sort this out.† Anderson turned his eyes now to the hand, which stood at attention in the middle of the room. For the love of God. In fifteen years on security detail for the Capitol Building, he had seen some strange things. But nothing like this. Forensics had better get here fast and get this thing out of my building. Anderson moved closer, seeing that the bloody wrist had been skewered on a spiked wooden base to make the hand stand up. Wood and flesh, he thought. Invisible to metal detectors. The only metal was a large gold ring, which Anderson assumed had either been wanded or casually pulled off the dead finger by the suspect as if it were his own. Anderson crouched down to examine the hand. It looked as if it had belonged to a man of about sixty. The ring bore some kind of ornate seal with a two-headed bird and the number 33. Anderson didn’t recognize it. What really caught his eye were the tiny tattoos on the tips of the thumb and index finger. A goddamn freak show. â€Å"Chief?† One of the guards hurried over, holding out a phone. â€Å"Personal call for you. Security switchboard just patched it through.† Anderson looked at him like he was insane. â€Å"I’m in the middle of something here,† he growled. The guard’s face was pale. He covered the mouthpiece and whispered. â€Å"It’s CIA.† Anderson did a double take. CIA heard about this already?! â€Å"It’s their Office of Security.† Anderson stiffened. Holy shit. He glanced uneasily at the phone in the guard’s hand. In Washington’s vast ocean of intelligence agencies, the CIA’s Office of Security was something of a Bermuda Triangle–a mysterious and treacherous region from which all who knew of it steered clear whenever possible. With a seemingly self-destructive mandate, the OS had been created by the CIA for one strange purpose–to spy on the CIA itself. Like a powerful internal- affairs office, the OS monitored all CIA employees for illicit behavior: misappropriation of funds, selling of secrets, stealing classified technologies, and use of illegal torture tactics, to name a few. They spy on America’s spies. With investigative carte blanche in all matters of national security, the OS had a long and potent reach. Anderson could not fathom why they would be interested in this incident at the Capitol, or how they had found out so fast. Then again, the OS was rumored to have eyes everywhere. For all Anderson knew, they had a direct feed of U.S. Capitol security cameras. This incident did not match OS directives in any way, although the timing of the call seemed too coincidental to Anderson to be about anything other than this severed hand. â€Å"Chief?†The guard was holding the phone out to him like a hot potato. â€Å"You need to take this call right now. It’s . . .† He paused and silently mouthed two syllables. â€Å"SA-TO.† Anderson squinted hard at the man. You’ve got to be kidding. He felt his palms begin to sweat. Sato is handling this personally? The overlord of the Office of Security–Director Inoue Sato–was a legend in the intelligence community. Born inside the fences of a Japanese internment camp in Manzanar, California, in the aftermath of Pearl Harbor, Sato was a toughened survivor who had never forgotten the horrors of war, or the perils of insufficient military intelligence. Now, having risen to one of the most secretive and potent posts in U.S. intelligence work, Sato had proven an uncompromising patriot as well as a terrifying enemy to any who stood in opposition. Seldom seen but universally feared, the OS director cruised the deep waters of the CIA like a leviathan who surfaced only to devour its prey. Anderson had met Sato face-to-face only once, and the memory of looking into those cold black eyes was enough to make him count his blessings that he would be having this conversation by telephone. Anderson took the phone and brought it to his lips. â€Å"Director Sato,† he said in as friendly a voice as possible. â€Å"This is Chief Anderson. How may I–â€Å" â€Å"There is a man in your building to whom I need to speak immediately.† The OS director’s voice was unmistakable–like gravel grating on a chalkboard. Throat cancer surgery had left Sato with a profoundly unnerving intonation and a repulsive neck scar to match. â€Å"I want you to find him for me immediately.† That’s all? You want me to page someone? Anderson felt suddenly hopeful that maybe the timing of this call was pure coincidence. â€Å"Who are you looking for?† â€Å"His name is Robert Langdon. I believe he is inside your building right now.† Langdon? The name sounded vaguely familiar, but Anderson couldn’t quite place it. He was now wondering if Sato knew about the hand. â€Å"I’m in the Rotunda at the moment,† Anderson said, â€Å"but we’ve got some tourists here . . . hold on.† He lowered his phone and called out to the group, â€Å"Folks, is there anyone here by the name of Langdon?† After a short silence, a deep voice replied from the crowd of tourists. â€Å"Yes. I’m Robert Langdon.† Sato knows all. Anderson craned his neck, trying to see who had spoken up. The same man who had been trying to get to him earlier stepped away from the others. He looked distraught . . . but familiar somehow. Anderson raised the phone to his lips. â€Å"Yes, Mr. Langdon is here.† â€Å"Put him on,† Sato said coarsely. Anderson exhaled. Better him than me. â€Å"Hold on.† He waved Langdon over. As Langdon approached, Anderson suddenly realized why the name sounded familiar. I just read an article about this guy. What the hell is he doing here? Despite Langdon’s six-foot frame and athletic build, Anderson saw none of the cold, hardened edge he expected from a man famous for surviving an explosion at the Vatican and a manhunt in Paris. This guy eluded the French police . . . in loafers? He looked more like someone Anderson would expect to find hearthside in some Ivy League library reading Dostoyevsky. â€Å"Mr. Langdon?†Anderson said, walking halfway to meet him. â€Å"I’m Chief Anderson. I handle security here. You have a phone call.† â€Å"For me?† Langdon’s blue eyes looked anxious and uncertain. Anderson held out the phone. â€Å"It’s the CIA’s Office of Security.† â€Å"I’ve never heard of it.† Anderson smiled ominously. â€Å"Well, sir, it’s heard of you.† Langdon put the phone to his ear. â€Å"Yes?† â€Å"Robert Langdon?† Director Sato’s harsh voice blared in the tiny speaker, loud enough that Anderson could hear. â€Å"Yes?† Langdon replied. Anderson stepped closer to hear what Sato was saying. â€Å"This is Director Inoue Sato, Mr. Langdon. I am handling a crisis at the moment, and I believe you have information that can help me.† Langdon looked hopeful. â€Å"Is this about Peter Solomon? Do you know where he is?!† Peter Solomon? Anderson felt entirely out of the loop. â€Å"Professor,† Sato replied. â€Å"I am asking the questions at the moment.† â€Å"Peter Solomon is in very serious trouble,† Langdon exclaimed. â€Å"Some madman just–â€Å" â€Å"Excuse me,† Sato said, cutting him off. Anderson cringed. Bad move. Interrupting a top CIA official’s line of questioning was a mistake only a civilian would make. I thought Langdon was supposed to be smart. â€Å"Listen carefully,† Sato said. â€Å"As we speak, this nation is facing a crisis. I have been advised that you have information that can help me avert it. Now, I am going to ask you again. What information do you possess?† Langdon looked lost. â€Å"Director, I have no idea what you’re talking about. All I’m concerned with is finding Peter and–â€Å" â€Å"No idea?† Sato challenged. Anderson saw Langdon bristle. The professor now took a more aggressive tone. â€Å"No, sir. No damned idea at all.† Anderson winced. Wrong. Wrong. Wrong. Robert Langdon had just made a very costly mistake in dealing with Director Sato. Incredibly, Anderson now realized it was too late. To his astonishment, Director Sato had just appeared on the far side of the Rotunda, and was approaching fast behind Langdon. Sato is in the building! Anderson held his breath and braced for impact. Langdon has no idea. The director’s dark form drew closer, phone held to ear, black eyes locked like two lasers on Langdon’s back. Langdon clutched the police chief’s phone and felt a rising frustration as the OS director pressed him. â€Å"I’m sorry, sir,† Langdon said tersely, â€Å"but I can’t read your mind. What do you want from me?† â€Å"What do I want from you?† The OS director’s grating voice crackled through Langdon’s phone, scraping and hollow, like that of a dying man with strep throat. As the man spoke, Langdon felt a tap on his shoulder. He turned and his eyes were drawn down . . . directly into the face of a tiny Japanese woman. She had a fierce expression, a mottled complexion, thinning hair, tobacco-stained teeth, and an unsettling white scar that sliced horizontally across her neck. The woman’s gnarled hand held a cell phone to her ear, and when her lips moved, Langdon heard the familiar raspy voice through his cell phone. â€Å"What do I want from you, Professor?† She calmly closed her phone and glared at him. â€Å"For starters, you can stop calling me `sir.’ â€Å" Langdon stared, mortified. â€Å"Ma’am, I . . . apologize. Our connection was poor and–â€Å" â€Å"Our connection was fine, Professor,† she said. â€Å"And I have an extremely low tolerance for bullshit.† CHAPTER 17 Director Inoue Sato was a fearsome specimen–a bristly tempest of a woman who stood a mere four feet ten inches. She was bone thin, with jagged features and a dermatological condition known as vitiligo, which gave her complexion the mottled look of coarse granite blotched with lichen. Her rumpled blue pantsuit hung on her emaciated frame like a loose sack, the open- necked blouse doing nothing to hide the scar across her neck. It had been noted by her coworkers that Sato’s only acquiescence to physical vanity appeared to be that of plucking her substantial mustache. For over a decade, Inoue Sato had overseen the CIA’s Office of Security. She possessed an off- the-chart IQ and chillingly accurate instincts, a combination which girded her with a self- confidence that made her terrifying to anyone who could not perform the impossible. Not even a terminal diagnosis of aggressive throat cancer had knocked her from her perch. The battle had cost her one month of work, half her voice box, and a third of her body weight, but she returned to the office as if nothing had happened. Inoue Sato appeared to be indestructible. Robert Langdon suspected he was probably not the first to mistake Sato for a man on the phone, but the director was still glaring at him with simmering black eyes. â€Å"Again, my apologies, ma’am,† Langdon said. â€Å"I’m still trying to get my bearings here–the person who claims to have Peter Solomon tricked me into coming to D.C. this evening.† He pulled the fax from his jacket. â€Å"This is what he sent me earlier. I wrote down the tail number of the plane he sent, so maybe if you call the FAA and track the–â€Å" Sato’s tiny hand shot out and snatched the sheet of paper. She stuck it in her pocket without even opening it. â€Å"Professor, I am running this investigation, and until you start telling me what I want to know, I suggest you not speak unless spoken to.† Sato now spun to the police chief. â€Å"Chief Anderson,† she said, stepping entirely too close and staring up at him through tiny black eyes, â€Å"would you care to tell me what the hell is going on here? The guard at the east gate told me you found a human hand on the floor. Is that true?† Anderson stepped to the side and revealed the object in the center of the floor. â€Å"Yes, ma’am, only a few minutes ago.† She glanced at the hand as if it were nothing more than a misplaced piece of clothing. â€Å"And yet you didn’t mention it to me when I called?† â€Å"I . . . I thought you knew.† â€Å"Do not lie to me.† Anderson wilted under her gaze, but his voice remained confident. â€Å"Ma’am, this situation is under control.† â€Å"I really doubt that,† Sato said, with equal confidence. â€Å"A forensics team is on the way. Whoever did this may have left fingerprints.† Sato looked skeptical. â€Å"I think someone clever enough to walk through your security checkpoint with a human hand is probably clever enough not to leave fingerprints.† â€Å"That may be true, but I have a responsibility to investigate.† â€Å"Actually, I am relieving you of your responsibility as of this moment. I’m taking over.† Anderson stiffened. â€Å"This is not exactly OS domain, is it?† â€Å"Absolutely. This is an issue of national security.† Peter’s hand? Langdon wondered, watching their exchange in a daze. National security? Langdon was sensing that his own urgent goal of finding Peter was not Sato’s. The OS director seemed to be on another page entirely. Anderson looked puzzled as well. â€Å"National security? With all due respect, ma’am–â€Å" â€Å"The last I checked,† she interrupted, â€Å"I outrank you. I suggest you do exactly as I say, and that you do it without question.† Anderson nodded and swallowed hard. â€Å"But shouldn’t we at least print the fingers to confirm the hand belongs to Peter Solomon?† â€Å"I’ll confirm it,† Langdon said, feeling a sickening certainty. â€Å"I recognize his ring . . . and his hand.† He paused. â€Å"The tattoos are new, though. Someone did that to him recently.† â€Å"I’m sorry?† Sato looked unnerved for the first time since arriving. â€Å"The hand is tattooed?† Langdon nodded. â€Å"The thumb has a crown. And the index finger a star.† Sato pulled out a pair of glasses and walked toward the hand, circling like a shark. â€Å"Also,† Langdon said, â€Å"although you can’t see the other three fingers, I’m certain they will have tattoos on the fingertips as well.† Sato looked intrigued by the comment and motioned to Anderson. â€Å"Chief, can you look at the other fingertips for us, please?† Anderson crouched down beside the hand, being careful not to touch it. He put his cheek near the floor and looked up under the clenched fingertips. â€Å"He’s right, ma’am. All of the fingertips have tattoos, although I can’t quite see what the other–â€Å" â€Å"A sun, a lantern, and a key,† Langdon said flatly. Sato turned fully to Langdon now, her small eyes appraising him. â€Å"And how exactly would you know that?† Langdon stared back. â€Å"The image of a human hand, marked in this way on the fingertips, is a very old icon. It’s known as `the Hand of the Mysteries.’ â€Å" Anderson stood up abruptly. â€Å"This thing has a name?† Langdon nodded. â€Å"It’s one of the most secretive icons of the ancient world.† Sato cocked her head. â€Å"Then might I ask what the hell it’s doing in the middle of the U.S. Capitol?† Langdon wished he would wake up from this nightmare. â€Å"Traditionally, ma’am, it was used as an invitation.† â€Å"An invitation . . . to what?† she demanded. Langdon looked down at the symbols on his friend’s severed hand. â€Å"For centuries, the Hand of the Mysteries served as a mystical summons. Basically, it’s an invitation to receive secret knowledge–protected wisdom known only to an elite few.† Sato folded her thin arms and stared up at him with jet-black eyes. â€Å"Well, Professor, for someone who claims to have no clue why he’s here . . . you’re doing quite well so far.† CHAPTER 18 Katherine Solomon donned her white lab coat and began her usual arrival routine–her â€Å"rounds† as her brother called them. Like a nervous parent checking on a sleeping baby, Katherine poked her head into the mechanical room. The hydrogen fuel cell was running smoothly, its backup tanks all safely nestled in their racks. Katherine continued down the hall to the data-storage room. As always, the two redundant holographic backup units hummed safely within their temperature-controlled vault. All of my research, she thought, gazing in through the three-inch-thick shatterproof glass. Holographic data-storage devices, unlike their refrigerator-size ancestors, looked more like sleek stereo components, each perched atop a columnar pedestal. Both of her lab’s holographic drives were synchronized and identical–serving as redundant backups to safeguard identical copies of her work. Most backup protocols advocated a secondary backup system off-site in case of earthquake, fire, or theft, but Katherine and her brother agreed that secrecy was paramount; once this data left the building to an off-site server, they could no longer be certain it would stay private. Content that everything was running smoothly here, she headed back down the hallway. As she rounded the corner, however, she spotted something unexpected across the lab. What in the world? A muted glow was glinting off all the equipment. She hurried in to have a look, surprised to see light emanating from behind the Plexiglas wall of the control room. He’s here. Katherine flew across the lab, arriving at the control-room door and heaving it open. â€Å"Peter!† she said, running in. The plump woman seated at the control room’s terminal jumped up. â€Å"Oh my God! Katherine! You scared me!† Trish Dunne–the only other person on earth allowed back here–was Katherine’s metasystems analyst and seldom worked weekends. The twenty-six-year-old redhead was a genius data modeler and had signed a nondisclosure document worthy of the KGB. Tonight, she was apparently analyzing data on the control room’s plasma wall–a huge flat-screen display that looked like something out of NASA mission control. â€Å"Sorry,† Trish said. â€Å"I didn’t know you were here yet. I was trying to finish up before you and your brother arrived.† â€Å"Have you spoken to him? He’s late and he’s not answering his phone.† Trish shook her head. â€Å"I bet he’s still trying to figure out how to use that new iPhone you gave him.† Katherine appreciated Trish’s good humor, and Trish’s presence here had just given her an idea. â€Å"Actually, I’m glad you’re in tonight. You might be able to help me with something, if you don’t mind?† â€Å"Whatever it is, I’m sure it beats football.† Katherine took a deep breath, calming her mind. â€Å"I’m not sure how to explain this, but earlier today, I heard an unusual story . . .† Trish Dunne didn’t know what story Katherine Solomon had heard, but clearly it had her on edge. Her boss’s usually calm gray eyes looked anxious, and she had tucked her hair behind her ears three times since entering the room–a nervous â€Å"tell,† as Trish called it. Brilliant scientist. Lousy poker player. â€Å"To me,† Katherine said, â€Å"this story sounds like fiction . . . an old legend. And yet . . .† She paused, tucking a wisp of hair behind her ears once again. â€Å"And yet?† Katherine sighed. â€Å"And yet I was told today by a trusted source that the legend is true.† â€Å"Okay . . .† Where is she going with this? â€Å"I’m going to talk to my brother about it, but it occurs to me that maybe you can help me shed some light on it before I do. I’d love to know if this legend has ever been corroborated anywhere else in history.† â€Å"In all of history?† Katherine nodded. â€Å"Anywhere in the world, in any language, at any point in history.† Strange request, Trish thought, but certainly feasible. Ten years ago, the task would have been impossible. Today, however, with the Internet, the World Wide Web, and the ongoing digitization of the great libraries and museums in the world, Katherine’s goal could be achieved by using a relatively simple search engine equipped with an army of translation modules and some well-chosen keywords. â€Å"No problem,† Trish said. Many of the lab’s research books contained passages in ancient languages, and so Trish was often asked to write specialized Optical Character Recognition translation modules to generate English text from obscure languages. She had to be the only metasystems specialist on earth who had built OCR translation modules in Old Frisian, Maek, and Akkadian. The modules would help, but the trick to building an effective search spider was all in choosing the right key words. Unique but not overly restrictive. Katherine looked to be a step ahead of Trish and was already jotting down possible keywords on a slip of paper. Katherine had written down several when she paused, thought a moment, and then wrote several more. â€Å"Okay,† she finally said, handing Trish the slip of paper. Trish perused the list of search strings, and her eyes grew wide. What kind of crazy legend is Katherine investigating? â€Å"You want me to search for all of these key phrases?† One of the words Trish didn’t even recognize. Is that even English? â€Å"Do you really think we’ll find all of these in one place? Verbatim?† â€Å"I’d like to try.† Trish would have said impossible, but the I-word was banned here. Katherine considered it a dangerous mind-set in a field that often transformed preconceived falsehoods into confirmed truths. Trish Dunne seriously doubted this key-phrase search would fall into that category. â€Å"How long for results?† Katherine asked. â€Å"A few minutes to write the spider and launch it. After that, maybe fifteen for the spider to exhaust itself.† â€Å"So fast?† Katherine looked encouraged. Trish nodded. Traditional search engines often required a full day to crawl across the entire online universe, find new documents, digest their content, and add it to their searchable database. But this was not the kind of search spider Trish would write. â€Å"I’ll write a program called a delegator,† Trish explained. â€Å"It’s not entirely kosher, but it’s fast. Essentially, it’s a program that orders other people’s search engines to do our work. Most databases have a search function built in–libraries, museums, universities, governments. So I write a spider that finds their search engines, inputs your keywords, and asks them to search. This way, we harness the power of thousands of engines, working in unison.† Katherine looked impressed. â€Å"Parallel processing.† A kind of metasystem. â€Å"I’ll call you if I get anything.† â€Å"I appreciate it,Trish.† Katherine patted her on the back and headed for the door. â€Å"I’ll be in the library.† Trish settled in to write the program. Coding a search spider was a menial task far below her skill level, but Trish Dunne didn’t care. She would do anything for Katherine Solomon. Sometimes Trish still couldn’t believe the good fortune that had brought her here. You’ve come a long way, baby. Just over a year ago, Trish had quit her job as a metasystems analyst in one of the high-tech industry’s many cubicle farms. In her off-hours, she did some freelance programming and started an industry blog–â€Å"Future Applications in Computational Metasystem Analysis†Ã¢â‚¬â€œalthough she doubted anyone read it. Then one evening her phone rang. â€Å"Trish Dunne?† a woman’s voice asked politely. â€Å"Yes, who’s calling, please?† â€Å"My name is Katherine Solomon.† Trish almost fainted on the spot. Katherine Solomon? â€Å"I just read your book–Noetic Science: Modern Gateway to Ancient Wisdom–and I wrote about it on my blog!† â€Å"Yes, I know,† the woman replied graciously. â€Å"That’s why I’m calling.† Of course it is, Trish realized, feeling dumb. Even brilliant scientists Google themselves. â€Å"Your blog intrigues me,† Katherine told her. â€Å"I wasn’t aware metasystems modeling had come so far.† â€Å"Yes, ma’am,† Trish managed, starstruck. â€Å"Data models are an exploding technology with far- reaching applications.† For several minutes, the two women chatted about Trish’s work in metasystems, discussing her experience analyzing, modeling, and predicting the flow of massive data fields. â€Å"Obviously, your book is way over my head,† Trish said, â€Å"but I understood enough to see an intersection with my metasystems work.† â€Å"Your blog said you believe metasystems modeling can transform the study of Noetics?† â€Å"Absolutely. I believe metasystems could turn Noetics into real science.† â€Å"Real science?† Katherine’s tone hardened slightly. â€Å"As opposed to . . . ?† Oh shit, that came out wrong. â€Å"Um, what I meant is that Noetics is more . . . esoteric.† Katherine laughed. â€Å"Relax, I’m kidding. I get that all the time.† I’m not surprised, Trish thought. Even the Institute of Noetic Sciences in California described the field in arcane and abstruse language, defining it as the study of mankind’s â€Å"direct and immediate access to knowledge beyond what is available to our normal senses and the power of reason.† The word noetic, Trish had learned, derived from the ancient Greek nous–translating roughly to â€Å"inner knowledge† or â€Å"intuitive consciousness.† â€Å"I’m interested in your metasystems work,† Katherine said, â€Å"and how it might relate to a project I’m working on. Any chance you’d be willing to meet? I’d love to pick your brain.† Katherine Solomon wants to pick my brain? It felt like Maria Sharapova had called for tennis tips. The next day a white Volvo pulled into Trish’s driveway and an attractive, willowy woman in blue jeans got out. Trish immediately felt two feet tall. Great, she groaned. Smart, rich, and thin–and I’m supposed to believe God is good? But Katherine’s unassuming air set Trish instantly at ease. The two of them settled in on Trish’s huge back porch overlooking an impressive piece of property. â€Å"Your house is amazing,† Katherine said. â€Å"Thanks. I got lucky in college and licensed some software I’d written.† â€Å"Metasystems stuff?† â€Å"A precursor to metasystems. Following 9/11, the government was intercepting and crunching enormous data fields–civilian e-mail, cell phone, fax, text, Web sites–sniffing for keywords associated with terrorist communications. So I wrote a piece of software that let them process their data field in a second way . . . pulling from it an additional intelligence product.† She smiled. â€Å"Essentially, my software let them take America’s temperature.† â€Å"I’m sorry?† Trish laughed. â€Å"Yeah, sounds crazy, I know. What I mean is that it quantified the nation’s emotional state. It offered a kind of cosmic consciousness barometer, if you will.† Trish explained how, using a data field of the nation’s communications, one could assess the nation’s mood based on the â€Å"occurrence density† of certain keywords and emotional indicators in the data field. Happier times had happier language, and stressful times vice versa. In the event, for example, of a terrorist attack, the government could use data fields to measure the shift in America’s psyche and better advise the president on the emotional impact of the event. â€Å"Fascinating,† Katherine said, stroking her chin. â€Å"So essentially you’re examining a population of individuals . . . as if it were a single organism.† â€Å"Exactly. A metasystem. A single entity defined by the sum of its parts. The human body, for example, consists of millions of individual cells, each with different attributes and different purposes, but it functions as a single entity.† Katherine nodded enthusiastically. â€Å"Like a flock of birds or a school of fish moving as one. We call it convergence or entanglement.† Trish sensed her famous guest was starting to see the potential of metasystem programming in her own field of Noetics. â€Å"My software,† Trish explained, â€Å"was designed to help government agencies better evaluate and respond appropriately to wide-scale crises–pandemic diseases, national tragedies, terrorism, that sort of thing.† She paused. â€Å"Of course, there’s always the potential that it could be used in other directions . . . perhaps to take a snapshot of the national mind-set and predict the outcome of a national election or the direction the stock market will move at the opening bell.† â€Å"Sounds powerful.† Trish motioned to her big house. â€Å"The government thought so.† Katherine’s gray eyes focused in on her now. â€Å"Trish, might I ask about the ethical dilemma posed by your work?† â€Å"What do you mean?† â€Å"I mean you created a piece of software that can easily be abused. Those who possess it have access to powerful information not available to everyone. You didn’t feel any hesitation creating it?† Trish didn’t blink. â€Å"Absolutely not. My software is no different than say . . . a flight simulator program. Some users will practice flying first-aid missions into underdeveloped countries. Some users will practice flying passenger jets into skyscrapers. Knowledge is a tool, and like all tools, its impact is in the hands of the user.† Katherine sat back, looking impressed. â€Å"So let me ask you a hypothetical question.† Trish suddenly sensed their conversation had just turned into a job interview. Katherine reached down and picked up a tiny speck of sand off the deck, holding it up for Trish to see. â€Å"It occurs to me,† she said, â€Å"that your metasystems work essentially lets you calculate the weight of an entire sandy beach . . . by weighing one grain at a time.† â€Å"Yes, basically that’s right.† â€Å"As you know, this little grain of sand has mass. A very small mass, but mass nonetheless.† Trish nodded. â€Å"And because this grain of sand has mass, it therefore exerts gravity. Again, too small to feel, but there.† â€Å"Right.† â€Å"Now,† Katherine said, â€Å"if we take trillions of these sand grains and let them attract one another to form . . . say, the moon, then their combined gravity is enough to move entire oceans and drag the tides back and forth across our planet.† Trish had no idea where this was headed, but she liked what she was hearing. â€Å"So let’s take a hypothetical,† Katherine said, discarding the sand grain. â€Å"What if I told you that a thought . . . any tiny idea that forms in your mind . . . actually has mass? What if I told you that a thought is an actual thing, a measurable entity, with a measurable mass? A minuscule mass, of course, but mass nonetheless. What are the implications?† â€Å"Hypothetically speaking? Well, the obvious implications are . . . if a thought has mass, then a thought exerts gravity and can pull things toward it.† Katherine smiled. â€Å"You’re good. Now take it a step further. What happens if many people start focusing on the same thought? All the occurrences of that same thought begin to merge into one, and the cumulative mass of this thought begins to grow. And therefore, its gravity grows.† â€Å"Okay.† â€Å"Meaning . . . if enough people begin thinking the same thing, then the gravitational force of that thought becomes tangible . . . and it exerts actual force.† Katherine winked. â€Å"And it can have a measurable effect in our physical world.† How to cite The Lost Symbol Chapter 16-18, Essay examples

Business Ethics And Principles Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Ethics And Principles. Answer: Discussion Business ethics refers to the code of conduct that examine the principles and moral issues that arise in the business environment. This mainly include the set policies to help control all business practices that take place in a given organization. Grenfell tower fire 2017 case illustrated massive failure of business ethics that are set in the engineering sector in various ways. From the set ethics in the engineering sector, it was clear that a breach of the same enhanced the Grenfell tragedy leading to loss of lives and destruction of property (Watt, 2017). Among the ways and how this illustrated failure of business ethics is as discussed below. Use of poor quality and wrong building materials which is against set ethics in engineering or architectural sector. The case study illustrates that among the reasons why the building quickly caught fire from the fourth floor was because the exterior was made of flammable insulation materials and also lacked a working sprinkle system or even a functional fire extinguisher. Its unethical as it resulted to poor development of the building with no safety measures in case of a fire accident to help save the lives of those who occupied the building structures. This clearly showed that the engineers involved as well as the owners didnt care much about the well- being of the tenants as they opted to use wrong and low quality materials with fear of catering for more expenses (Velasquez Velazquez, 2002). Inadequate education on safety measures to the tenants. According to engineering business ethics, in case of any knowledge that harm may occur to an individual using the developed or built structure, the relevant individuals in the sector should fully educate the users or rather tenants on the same. How best they can prevent the happening or how they should react in case the situation appears and the consequences of disobeying it. Though they gave a precaution that incase of any fire breakdown the tenants should not move out but wait to be saved, they didnt fully create awareness on the consequences of disobeying the same and also about the flammable materials they used in the exterior. This was a breach and failure of business ethics as they didnt create adequate awareness resulting to loss of lives. References Watt, R. G. (2017). Grenfell Tower firea tragic case study in health inequalities. British dental journal. Velasquez, M. G., Velazquez, M. (2002). Business ethics: Concepts and cases (Vol. 111). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Political Ideologies Capitalism vs. Socialism

Introduction Inthe contemporary times, two dominant ways of life reign humanity. These two ways of life have gradually degenerated into two ideologies, viz. the Western capitalism and the Eastern socialism. Most of the Western countries embrace capitalism, which reflects liberalism, competition, and unrestrained freedom (Pejovich 71).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Political Ideologies: Capitalism vs. Socialism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The states promote a competitive economic environment where individuals strive to enrich themselves. On the other hand, most of the Eastern countries embrace socialism, which challenges people’s freedom. The countries advocate for an environment where the government has full control over economic resources. In both cases, humankind is ignored as a personality, and the society is disregarded. These two systems of political and social ideologies manifest themselves in the community. Capitalism dominates the western countries with its headquarters being the United States, while socialism dominates most of the former Soviet States and the majority of states in the Far East (Pejovich 72-75). This paper aims at comparing and contrasting the two political ideologies. History of Capitalism and socialism In 1700s, it was cheap and easy to produce many goods at one place due to the notion of the economies of scale. Moreover, significant changes in agriculture like enclosure of lands that were once owned communally and crop rotation made it possible for landowners to accumulate stupendous wealth. Property owners later invested in novel industries. This initial accumulation of wealth at the expense of the society marked the onset of capitalism. It displaced numerous people from their lands thus creating poverty (Pejovich 77-84). In Europe, the European capitalists perpetuated capitalism through their search for silver and gold, which they used as a form o f wealth storage. Some of the elites resisted the move to capitalism, but state laws, which promoted capitalism and harshly punished those opposed to it, suppressed any resistance. Stealing a handkerchief belonging to a â€Å"gentleman† amounted to execution upon conviction. This epoch marked the beginning of capitalist imperialism. On the other hand, industrial revolution led to the emergence of socialism. As capitalists continued accumulating wealth through industrialization, some elites realized that the capitalists violated a number of workers’ rights. Consequently, they came up with ways through which they could help workers to overcome oppression from capitalists.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Individuals fighting for socialism called for the state to own and control the economy rather than allowing few individuals to have control of the crucial economic resources (Pejovich 86-93). Proponents of socialism blamed capitalism for the prevailing poverty, and thus advocated for policies like egalitarian allocation of wealth and conversion of populations into numerous communities to do away with private property. Capitalism and socialism view of freedom The triadic model views freedom as comprising of three variables, viz. a constraint variable, agent variable, and outcome variable. Max Weber posits that capitalism entails accrual of wealth by a few individuals (Galbraith 67). Consequently, capitalists view freedom in the sense of being in a position to accumulate wealth without external interference. Capitalists or individuals supporting capitalistic ideologies act as agents, while the society or individuals opposed to capitalism stand out as constraints. Capitalism views the accumulated wealth as the outcome variable. The three elements play a significant role in ensuring the success of capitalism. Whenever capitalists accumulate wealt h, they consider themselves free. Proponents of capitalism derive the meaning of life from its ideologies. For them, life would be meaningless without wealth and property. Besides, they use it as a criterion for evaluating what is good and bad (Galbraith 73). Capitalists find communal property ownership as one of the ways that promote indolence in society. Hence, they term it awful. They view capitalism as the ultimate way of encouraging creativity and innovativeness in the society as people compete to accumulate wealth. The fact that capitalism promotes competitiveness makes its proponents view it as the ultimate way of promoting freedom in a liberal society. Capitalism offers an identity to its proponents. Capitalists feel associated to a particular group, which acts as their identity. People feel happy and free when associated with a particular group. The same applies to capitalists. Freedom comes when an individual can come up with a set of activities to undertake in life. Propo nents of capitalism have the ultimate goal of accumulating as much wealth as they can; hence, capitalism helps them in developing a program to follow in order to achieve their dreams. Conversely, socialism believes in centralized control of the national economy and abolition of private property (Galbraith 79). For socialists, they perceive freedom in the sense of owning property communally, thus being in a position to acquire or use any asset whenever there is a need. Socialism perceives economy as the agent of freedom while the major constraint lies in establishing ways through which the public can own the national economy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Political Ideologies: Capitalism vs. Socialism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The achievement or outcome variable in socialism is the ability to abolish private ownership of property and accumulate wealth on a communal basis. Hence, socialism views freedom a s the ability to do away with individual property ownership and embrace communal property ownership. Capitalism was associated with oppression of the poor by the rich individuals. Hence, most of the poor people found life to be a worthless venture for they had nothing to enjoy in life (Galbraith 84). In a bid to overcome this feeling, people had to look for a way that would set them free and give them a new meaning to life. Socialism turned out to be the most appropriate way since it promoted communal property ownership, thus implying that all people had equal rights to all properties. Furthermore, socialism offered the society a platform for assessing the right and wrong social practices. For instance, socialists perceived capitalism as an unethical practice since it promoted unhealthy competition thus leading to disunity in the society. Individuals supporting socialism viewed it as the ultimate source of their identity. They venerated the culture of communal property ownership and wished to associate with it. An ideology helps in giving its supporters a series of actions to undertake and this element applies in socialism. It helps its proponents in coming up with a set of projects that can promote social ties amongst themselves. Impact of capitalism and socialism on global political climate Currently, capitalism is gradually becoming one of the resurgent powers. According to Dumenil and Levy (78-83), the world is encountering the emergence of a new class of capitalists. Currently, economies of most nations are drifting towards a novel and deep-rooted class of inequality. Capitalism has not only affected the global political economy, but also the global political consciousness. Currently, countries are tolerant to inequality than ever before. In addition, the workplace culture has become parallel to neo-feudalism (Harvey 80). On the other hand, socialism has had a significant effect on global politics. After nations realized that it was hard to achieve enviro nmental conservation goals in a capitalistic regime, they embarked on political ideology dubbed eco-socialism. The ideology seeks to bring together all stakeholders to work as a group towards embracing environmental conservation policies.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Ma (341-342), states can achieve environmental conservation goals by changing from capitalists to welfarist states. Currently, most of the Asian countries are establishing self-governing systems of alliances to create ecological democracies beyond what is established by their states. For instance, India has come up with an eco-socialist movement that works under the guidelines of social justice. Conclusion Currently, different nations embrace one of the two distinct and opposing ways of life. While the majority of Western countries embrace capitalism, some of the Eastern countries continue exercising socialism. Capitalism emerged because of people’s undying desire become affluent. On the other hand, socialism emerged during the epoch of the industrial revolution as a means to counter the oppression perpetrated by the rich on the disadvantaged. The two political ideologies have different perceptions about freedom. Capitalism views freedom in terms of wealth accumu lation. They believe that wealth accumulation allows an individual to assume a particular identity. On the other hand, socialists perceive freedom in terms of having control over national economic wealth. Socialists believe that people can only be free if they have the liberty to use national economic resources without restrictions. Currently, capitalism is gradually eroding the global political consciousness leading to the emergence of a class of inequality. On the other hand, socialism is leading to the establishment of eco-socialism as a policy for attaining environmental conservation. Works Cited Dumenil, Gerard, and Dominique Levy. Capital Resurgent: Roots of the Neoliberal Revolution. New York: Harvard University Press, 2004. Print. Galbraith, James. Created Unequal: The Crisis in American Pay. New York: The Free Press, 1998. Print. Harvey, David. A Brief History of Neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. Print. Ma, Zhijuan. â€Å"Eco-socialism as politics: re building the basis of our modern civilization.† Environmental Politics 21.2 (2012): 341-342. Print. Pejovich, Svetozar. â€Å"Capitalism and Socialism.† International Studies in Economics and Econometrics 33.2 (1998): 71-93. Print. This essay on Political Ideologies: Capitalism vs. Socialism was written and submitted by user Frankenste1n'sM0nster to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Germination and Early Growth of Three Angiosperms essays

Germination and Early Growth of Three Angiosperms essays Germination and Early Growth of Three Angiosperms In this experiment, we will observe and record the growing patterns of three different species of angiosperms (corn, bean, mustards) for 11 weeks. At the beginning of the experiment we plant numerous seeds from each species in the same pot. In hopes that at least two of each species would germinate. After germination, if more than two of each species grew we then picked the best two and pulled up the remaining ones so they wouldnt strip the nutrients from the others ones. My general knowledge of the biology of seedlings told me that they have very tiny root systems and no 2Â ° cell walls. They also are very vulnerable to drought, grazing, and to over watering, which produces at great atmosphere for fungal growth. Because this experiment was controlled the drought and grazing werent a problem. Being rasied on a farm I knew that the corn would grow the tallest compared with the beans and mustards. I was undecided as to which one, the beans or mustards would grow first. If I had to guess I would say that the beans would most likely grow first because it needs to store nutrients for the upcoming seed production. But most likely the mustards will grow first and germinate the fastest because they are the smallest seedling. No matter which one grows first or last I do know that these species will not grow as good in the pot as they would in the ground because in the pot they have limited resources. Day one of the experiment I filled a 6 Â ½ diameter pot seven-eighths full with Premix Premium peat-based potting soil. Then I compacted the soil to the bottom of the pot. Next I proceeded to plant three species of seeds, Phaselous vulgaris, or Bush beans, Zea mays, or sweet corn, and Brassica juncea, or Indian mustard, in three different places in the same pot. Afte ...

Grauballe Man (Denmark) - European Iron Age Bog Body

Grauballe Man (Denmark) - European Iron Age Bog Body The Grauballe Man is the name of an extremely well-preserved Iron Age bog body, the 2200-year-old body of a man pulled from a peat bog in central Jutland, Denmark in 1952. The body was found at depths of more than one meter (3.5 feet) of peat. The Story of Grauballe Man Grauballe Man was determined to have been about 30 years old when he died. Physical inspection indicated that although his body was in near-perfect preservation, he had been brutally murdered or sacrificed. His throat had been cut from behind so deeply that it nearly beheaded him. His skull was bludgeoned and his leg was broken. Grauballe mans body was among the earliest of objects dated by the newly invented radiocarbon dating method. After his discovery was announced, his body displayed in public and several photographs of him published in newspapers, a woman came forward and claimed that she recognized him as a peat worker she had known as a child who had disappeared on his way home from a local pub. Hair samples from the man returned conventional c14 dates between 2240-2245 RCYBP. Recent AMS radiocarbon dates (2008) returned calibrated ranges between 400-200 cal BC. Preservation Methods Initially, Grauballe man was investigated by Danish archaeologist Peter V. Glob at the National Museum of Denmark at Copenhagen. Bog bodies had been found in Denmark beginning in the first half of the 19th century. The most striking characteristic of bog bodies is their preservation, which can be close to or surpass the best of ancient mummification practices. Scientists and museum directors tried all sorts of techniques to maintain that preservation, beginning with air or oven drying. Glob had the Grauballe mans body treated to a process similar to tanning animal hides. The body was kept for 18 months in a mixture of 1/3 fresh oak, 2/3 oak bark plus a .2% of Toxinol as a disinfectant. Over that period, the concentration of Toxinol was increased and monitored. After the 18 months, the body was immersed in a bath of 10% Turkish-red oil in distilled water to avoid shrinkage. New bog body discoveries in the 21st century are kept in wet peat in refrigerated storage at 4 degrees celsius. What Scholars Have Learned Grauballe Mans stomach was removed at some point during the process, but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigations in 2008 discovered plant grains in the vicinity of where his stomach had been. Those grains are now interpreted as remnants of what likely was his last meal. The grains indicate that Grauballe man ate a type of gruel made from a combination of cereals and weeds, including rye (Secale cereale), knotweed (Polygonum lapathifolium), corn spurrey (Spergula arvensis), flax (Linum usitatissimum) and gold of pleasure (Camelina sativa). Post-Excavation Studies The Irish Nobel Prize-winning poet Seamus Heaney often wrote poems for and about bog bodies. The one he wrote in 1999 for Grauballe Man is quite evocative and one of my favorites. As if he had been poured / in tar, he lies / on a pillow of turf / and seems to weep. Be sure to read it yourself for free at the Poetry Foundation. The display of bog bodies has ethical issues discussed in many places in the scientific literature: Gail Hitchens article The Modern Afterlife of the Bog People published in the student archaeology journal The Posthole addresses some of these and discusses Heaney and other modern day artistic uses of bog bodies, specifically but not limited to Grauballe. Today Grauballe mans body is kept in a room at the Moesgaard Museum protected from light and temperature changes. A separate room lays out the details of his history and provides numerous CT-scanned images of his body parts; but Danish archaeologist Nina Nordstrà ¶m reports that the separate room keeping his body seems to her a calm and contemplative reburial. Sources This glossary entry is a part of the About.com Guide to Bog Bodies and part of the Dictionary of Archaeology. Granite G. 2016. Understanding the death and burial of northern European bog bodies. In: Murray CA, editor. Diversity of Sacrifice: Form and Function of Sacrificial Practices in the Ancient World and Beyond. Albany: State University of New York Press. p 211-222.Hitchens G. 2009. The Modern Afterlife of the Bog People. The Post Hole 7:28-30.Karg S. 2012. Oil-rich seeds from prehistoric contexts in southern Scandinavia: Reflections on archaeobotanical records of flax, hemp, gold of pleasure, and corn spurrey. Acta Paleobotanica 52(1):17-24.Lynnerup N. 2010. Medical Imaging of Mummies and Bog Bodies – A Mini-Review. Gerontology 56(5):441-448.Mannering U, Possnert G, Heinemeier J, and Gleba M. 2010. Dating Danish textiles and skins from bog finds by means of 14C AMS. Journal of Archaeological Science 37(2):261-268.Nordstrà ¶m N. 2016. The Immortals: Prehistoric individuals as ideological and therapeutic tools in our time. In: Williams H, and Giles M, editors. Archaeologists and t he Dead: Mortuary Archaeology in Contemporary Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p 204-232. Stà ¸dkilde-Jà ¸rgensen H, Jacobsen NO, Warncke E, and Heinemeier J. 2008. The intestines of a more than 2000 years old peat-bog man: microscopy, magnetic resonance imaging and 14C-dating. Journal of Archaeological Science 35(3):530-534.Villa C, and Lynnerup N. 2012. Hounsfield Units ranges in CT-scans of bog bodies and mummies. Anthropologischer Anzeiger 69(2):127-145.

Individualized Education Program Research Proposal

Individualized Education Program - Research Proposal Example During my classroom observation, I did not let Mr. John know that I am observing him. During classes he is hard headed and very talkative. During their English lesson, the teacher had given them 15 minutes to read a short story. After reading the story, the teacher asked the students to answer the study questions found at the end of the story. His classmates answered the question on their own, but Mr. John did not begin answering the question until he was guided by the teacher. During the oral participation, he was called to two questions: one which the answer is very obvious, while the other needs reasoning. He was able to answer the easy question, but simply scratch his head on the second question. During their math lesson, he was asked to solve a worded problem. He was not able to locate the given figures that are required to solve the problem. When the teacher had provided him the given figure and the required operation to solve the problem, he then understand the process and had answered the problem correctly. Based on that observation, Mr. John found it hard to identify key ideas that are implied in what he is reading. During their Science lesson, their topic was all about food chain. He was asked by his teacher to draw the diagram of the food chain on the board. He then draw the diagram immediately and I was amazed by his artistic skills. When asked of what subjects he hate, he replied â€Å"I hate math problems, and I also hate reading stories because it is boring.†... The reason why his mother tried to abort him is because she is not ready to get pregnant at first. Both of his parents were fresh graduate at that moment and have no job at all, but the abortion failed. All attention was given to him when he was born until he grew up. He was raised as a spoiled child, provided with everything he wants. They had just discovered his personality problem when he first went to school, and he always receive lower grade until this time. The table below shows Mr. John's attitude at home based on the interview I conducted with his parents. At Home Fought with his younger brother during playtime. He don't want to be interrupted in what he is doing. Most of his time is consumed on watching his favorite cartoon shows. He easily get bored, he hates going to church and attending social parties with his parents. He often fights with his neighbor playmates because he doesn't want to be under shadowed. He gets bored scanning his notes and doing assignments. Most of the time he is guided by her mother in doing home works. He has poor appetite on healthy foods such as vegetables. 9. Work sample analysis: List at least six general samples that you would need to support your summary and recommendations 10. Classroom observations: List at least four general ideas of what you would 'see' that would support your summary and recommendations During my classroom observation, I did not let Mr. John know that I am observing him. During classes he is hard headed and very talkative. During their English lesson, the teacher had given them 15 minutes to read a short story. After reading the story, the teacher asked the students to answer the study questions found at the end of the story. His classmates answered the question on their

Globalization has generated more problems than benefits for society Research Paper

Globalization has generated more problems than benefits for society - Research Paper Example However, in this process, the world is losing many of its cultures (Thirlwall & Penelope, pp. 320-322, 2008). Quite understandably, countries with greater economic power are destroying and suppressing other cultures. Furthermore, with the development and progress, that globalization has given to the world; people are increasingly becoming ignorant of the social, moral, and ethical values, which once were the important part of our lives. After this brief introduction, the rest of the paper will try to explore the side effects, disadvantages, or harms of globalization. Discussion Proponents of globalization believe that globalization has given great development and progress to the world including the improvement in the quality of the lives of people and their incomes. However, the truth is that much of this development has been irregular, biased, or skewed. There are still many parts in the world, which are deprived of the basic needs and resources. More than 80 percent of the worldâ⠂¬â„¢s resources rest with the 20 percent of people in the world. If globalization has done anything, that would be the unequal distribution of wealth and increasing the gap between rich and poor (Eriksen, pp. 27-28, 2007). Furthermore, also important here is to note the fact that the costs which the world has paid for this economic development are huge. More than 80 percent of the world’s forests are no longer there. We have lost billions of animals and plant species. The humans have destroyed the ozone, triggered global warming and all these continue. When we leave this planet for our children, it would be much worse than what we had received from our parents and globalization is to blame for this (Scholte, pp. 158-159, 2008). With globalization and increasing disparities of income, there are chances that these may lead to more and more military conflicts in the world. In fact, they have already led the world into many wars. With the rise of eastern and Asian countries such as China, Japan, Malaysia, India and others, the west is feeling the heat for the competition of the world’s resources. There are all the chances that this competition may lead to conflicts and tensions between countries (Steger, pp. 146, 2009). It is also important to note that globalization is quickly forcing us towards the end of individuality. With one global village and suppression of local cultures, we are moving towards the world where there would be only one color left in the world. Standardization has become the order of the day. Despite the fact that globalization started with creativity and innovation but it appears that now it leading us to stagnation of creativity and ideas (Thirlwall & Penelope, pp. 320-322, 2008). One of the biggest blows that the world received due to globalization was in the form of the recent financial crisis. This financial crisis started in the United States due to mishaps in the accounting practices of a few banks and financial instituti ons, bursting of the housing bubble, unrealistic credit policies, bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers, liquidity crisis and other reasons, but it affected almost every country in the world. This is because of the fact that with exports, imports, stock exchanges, foreign direct investments, bonds and

Asca Model Handouts Essay Example for Free

Asca Model Handouts Essay The Flow— The black and white graphics were carefully chosen to communicate the flow of information and date through the four elements of the school program. The Foundation feeds into the Management system and Delivery System. In turn, both Management and Delivery System feed into Accountability process as data collected from program management duties and from the delivery of the CSCP flow together for evaluation, program improvement and dissemination. Finally, you will notice that the white arrow into the Accountability Block create a black arrow pointing the Foundation block, as the results of the reports and the evaluation process are used to further refine the mission statement and assess progress toward the students attainment of the ASCA National ASCA National Model School Success— standards outline goals for school counseling program, establish school counseling as essential and integral to the educational mission of all schools, promote access by all students, and describe the key competencies all students should be able to demonstrate by the end of their K-12 experience by encouraging genuine collaboration as the building of the interdependent system to achieve a common goal that cannot be achieved by each entity working alone. Systematic Change—Taken together, leadership, advocacy and collaboration culminate systematic change. It occurs when policies and procedures are examined and changed in light of new data. The Elements outline the structures that the school counselors must have in place to do work. (Further discussed to the first handout) Foundations ï‚ · 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Philosophy— 6 topics (ASCA, 2003) A set of beliefs motivating program innovations A set of values visible to all A set of principles guiding professional contributions Statement of professional conduct Statement committing counselors to continuous professional growth Source of collective power The model The ASCA National model reflects the Themes, Elements and the Flow The Themes— constitute the environment in which school counselor conduct their work Leadership— School counselors serves a leader who are engaged in a system wide change to ensure student success. According to Bolman Deal (1997) Four Frames of leadership ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Definition by ASCA National Model Professional School Counselor— is a certified/ Licensed educator who addresses the needs of students comprehensively through the implementation of a developmental school counseling program Counseling— a confidential relationship in which the counselor meets with the students, to help them resolve or cope constructively with their problems and developmental concerns Consultation—collaborative partnership in which the counselor works with parents, teachers and administrators, school psychologist, social workers etc in order to plan and implement strategies to help students be successful. Structural leadership Human resource leadership Poli tical leadership Symbolic leadership Minimum, the Philosophy statement should: (ASCA, 2003) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Indicate a shared belief system about the ability of all students to achieve Address the every student Address student development needs and focus on primary prevention Address the school counselor’s role as an advocate for every student Identify persons to be involved in the delivery of program activities Specify who will plan and manage the program Use data to drive program decisions Define how the program will be evaluated and by whom Include ethical guidelines or standards Five step template of leadership: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Challenge the process Inspire a shared vision Enable other to act Model the way Encourage the heart Advocacy— School counselors advocate for students’ educational needs and work to ensure these needs are addressed at every level of the school experience. They also works as advocates to remove systemic barriers that impede the academic success of any student. Collaboration—School counselor build effective teams Management System Delivery System Accountability Reported by: Diane Avelino Sherryl Lapore Clarisse Raquinel Karen Kris Espaà ±ola

Vietnams economy :: essays research papers

The conquest of Vietnam by France began in 1858 and was completed by 1884. It became part of French Indochina in 1887. Independence was declared after World War II, but the French continued to rule until 1954 when they were defeated by Communist forces under Ho Chi MINH, who took control of the North. US economic and military aid to South Vietnam grew through the 1960s in an attempt to bolster the government, but US armed forces were withdrawn following a cease-fire agreement in 1973. Two years later, North Vietnamese forces overran the South. Despite the return of peace, for over two decades the country experienced little economic growth because of conservative leadership policies. Since 2001, Vietnamese authorities have committed to economic liberalization and enacted structural reforms needed to modernize the economy and to produce more competitive, export-driven industries. The country continues to experience protests from the Montagnard ethnic minority population of the Central Highlands over loss of land to Vietnamese settlers and religious persecution. Vietnam is a densely-populated, developing country that in the last 30 years has had to recover from the ravages of war, the loss of financial support from the old Soviet Bloc, and the rigidities of a centrally planned economy. Substantial progress was achieved from 1986 to 1997 in moving forward from an extremely low level of development and significantly reducing poverty. Growth averaged around 9% per year from 1993 to 1997. The 1997 Asian financial crisis highlighted the problems in the Vietnamese economy and temporarily allowed opponents of reform to slow progress towards a market oriented economy. GDP growth of 8.5% in 1997 fell to 6% in 1998 and 5% in 1999. Growth then rose to 7% in 2000-04 even against the background of global recession. Since 2001, however, Vietnamese authorities have reaffirmed their commitment to economic liberalization and international integration. They have moved to implement the structural reforms needed to modernize the economy and to produce more comp etitive, export-driven industries. However, equitization of state-owned enterprises and reduction in the proportion of non-performing loans has fallen behind schedule. Vietnam's membership in the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) and entry into force of the US-Vietnam Bilateral Trade in December 2001 have led to even more rapid changes in Vietnam's trade and economic regime.

Art Criticism

Art Criticism Research Paper Gustav Klimt, The Kiss, Oil and gold leaf on canvas, 1907-1908 The Kiss, painted by Gustav Klimt, is probably his most recognized work. He began working on the painting in 1907. In The Kiss, there is a couple embracing each other. The man is covered in neutral colored rectangles, and the woman is wearing brightly colored circles and flowers in her hair. There are many lines in the image considering all of the rectangles the man is wearing. They are colored in various shades of gold and symbols, while embracing each other with a kiss against a bronze background.The texture seems rough and varied throughout the piece. The couple is the focal point of the piece, while the rest of the painting shatters into colorful patterns. This hints the idea that Klimt was inspired by Art Nouveau and the Arts and Crafts Movement. There is not much negative space in the piece. The couple and their patterns dominate the image because it is right in the center of the page. T here is not much negative space in the piece, but the man has black rectangles all over his body. This is significant because it depicts the sharpness and boldness of a man in contrast to the woman who wears circular patterns all over her body.This is where the biggest contrast is. The emphasis is on the couple because of the bold bronze color that the couple is painted in. The contrast to the background helps it pop. The elements communicate a very content mood. The couple seems very passionate and sexual towards one another. The artwork is balanced very well. Every inch of the painting is painted in, and the top and bottom are filled in. There is a sense of depth because of all the contrasting colors. The picture looks very three-dimensional.The artwork has a rhythm that feels as if the viewer could feel the couple’s passionate movement. Klimt created this piece of art to convey the passionate love a man and woman can share. The picture is very sexual, yet full of heart. Th e couple seems to be so in effectuated with each other that the real world is no longer present. If I were the woman in the picture I would be thinking about how loved I am. The theme is that women and men share a kind of love that no one else can comprehend. The title for this piece is very appropriate, and I would not change it even if I could.The kiss is an extremely simple title that does a good job explaining the artwork, yet leaving room for the viewer to imagine for themselves. When I first looked at the artwork, I thought that it was just a couple kissing, but as I kept examining it I realized how much more it is. I enjoyed examining this piece of work a lot. I felt that it was very much worth my time because the artist used a very sophisticated kind of technique to portray his message. I think it is a very respectable piece because of its simplicity yet the complex message it portrays.

Community Health Essay

Measels, also known as rubeola, is a viral respiratory illness. Although vaccination is available in developed countries, it remains one of the leading causes of death among children worldwide (CDC, 2013). The degree of contagiousness of measles contributes to this alarming statistic. The first sign of measles is often an extremely elevated temperature and lasts for approximately one week. Other signs and symptoms include cold-like symptoms such as cough, watery eyes, and a runny nose. Also, small white lesions are visible on the interior of the mouth. A hallmark indication of the measles respiratory virus is the rash presenting on the face and neck, which spreads with time to the limbs. There is no antiviral for the measles at present time. However, a definitive treatment has been identified. Vitamin A supplements, two doses given 24 hours apart, have been proven to reduce the number of deaths resulting from this virus by half (WHO, 2014). The deaths that do result from the measles virus are typically due to complications resulting from the virus. A2,3: Incidence: Because there is a vaccination for measles, it is rare in parts of the world where children are routinely vaccinated. Worldwide, there are approximately 20 million instances of measles (WHO, 2014). Mortality: There are over 100,000 deaths yearly contributed to measles. The majority of those deaths occurred in India (WHO, 2014). Prevalence: After the introduction of the measles vaccination, the prevalence of the virus has decreased dramatically. However, vaccinations that are easily accessible within the United States and other developed countries are not as readily available for other countries. Awareness: Immunization awareness is of utmost importance. Because deaths from this disease are easily preventable with a simple immunization, immunization programs are essential in protecting human lives.

Eel Marsh House Essay Example

Eel Marsh House Essay Example Eel Marsh House Paper Eel Marsh House Paper No reader of The Woman in Black, can be left in doubt about its conscious evocation of the Gothic. It is full of motifs and effects associated with that genre. How far would you agree with this statement of the novel? There is absolutely no doubt that Susan Hill consciously evocates the Gothic in The Woman in Black. There are many obvious conventions she uses that create a great Gothic effect throughout the novel. It is clear that this novel contains most of the elements that constitute the genre, for example, an eerie atmosphere full of mystery and suspense, and a character feeling high or overwrought emotions. This concludes the novel into a sub-genre of the Gothic, a ghost story. The Gothic has been active since the eighteenth century; the genre was especially popular within the years of The French Revolution and The Great Terror, which fell between 1789 and the 1790s. The Gothic can also be traced back to the original Goths, who were believed to have been around in the last days of the Roman Empire. However, there is no substantial proof as the Goths left almost no written records, and were mostly unheard of until the first Gothic revival in the late eighteenth century. In Britain this revival involved a series of attempts to return to roots, in contrast to the classical model revered in the earlier eighteenth century. It is believed that the very first Gothic novel was invented solely by Horace Walpole, when he wrote The Castle of Otranto in 1764. This novel was imitated throughout the following centuries because it contains essentially all the elements that comprise the Gothic genre. It is also believed to have influenced writing, poetry and film making to the present day. Other key Gothic novelists of this period that would also have contributed to this influence are Mary Shelly, the author of Frankenstein, which has had many film adaptations within the last century produced from it. And also Bram Stoker who wrote Dracula, which I think has an influence in The Woman in Black as the narrator Arthur Kipps, has many similar characteristics to the narrator of Dracula, Jonathan Harker, such as them both being portrayed as commonsensical, rational, successful lawyers on a mission to single-handedly unravel the mystery theyre faced with. Ann Radcliffs idea of Gothic horror has also clearly influenced The Woman in Black too, because we notice our narrator on several occasions, contracts, freezes and is nearly annihilated by some unknown supernatural force. Arthurs first encounter with The Woman in Black is a prime example of Gothic horror; he explains It was as though I had become paralysed. This reveals to us that Mr Jerome must have been feeling this same sensation in the churchyard, because just after Arthur tries to explain his sighting of the sick-looking woman he describes that Mr Jerome looked frozen, pale, his throat moving as if he were unable to utter. There is another incident of Gothic horror where Arthur is thrown into darkness and again his emotions start to increase, probably even more so than ever as he is staying at the extraordinarily addictive and extremely mysterious Eel Marsh House. He tells us I was lost to everything but my own fears, incapable of decisive, coherent thought, let alone movement. This maybe psychologically scarring for Arthur as he elucidates earlier in the novel, I could not move, it had, for the moment paralysed me, just as it had always done, it was a long-forgotten, once too-familiar sensation. This was how he felt being forcefully plunged into darkness with no choice of hearing silly tales conjured up by his stepchildren. He then later says I dreaded the hours of darkness that lay ahead. His experience at Eel Marsh House has clearly mentally damaged him in a way to cause him to feel so emotionally overwrought about being in the dark, especially in his own home.

Ancient Remains †Fossil DNA of Former Life

Ancient Remains – Fossil DNA of Former Life News that scientists had recovered actual marrow from a dinosaur fossil aroused much amazement. But the achievement is not a surprise. In fact, it doesnt even set a new record for the oldest pieces of life. Most of us think of fossils as dead things that have been petrified, turned to stone. But that doesnt have to be. The actual bodies of once-living things can escape being petrified for a very long time under the right conditions. A fossil is defined as any evidence of life from the prehistoric or geologic past that is preserved in the Earths crust. A prejudice against preservation may have kept scientists from looking for meat in the ancient bones, but now we know better, and a race is on to find ever-older tissues. Creatures in Ice Ãâ€"tzi, the 5,000-year-old ice man found in an Alpine glacier in 1991, is the best-known example of a frozen fossil. Mammoths and other extinct polar animals are also known from permafrost. These fossils are not as pretty as the food in your freezer, as they undergo a kind of slow mummification in the frozen condition. Its a geologic version of freezer burn in which ice migrates out of the tissues into the surroundings. Frozen bison bones nearly 60,000 years old were analyzed in 2002, yielding DNA fragments and bone proteins that could be compared to existing species. Mammoth hair turns out to be even better than bones for preserving DNA. But Antarctica holds the record in this field, with microbes in deep ice that are 8 million years old. Dried Remains The desert preserves dead matter by desiccation. Ancient humans have been naturally mummified this way, such as the 9,000-year-old Nevadan known as Spirit Cave Man. Older material is preserved by various desert packrats, which have the habit of making piles of plant matter cemented into rock-hard bricks by their viscous urine. When preserved in dry caves, these packrat middens can last tens of thousands of years. The beauty of packrat middens is that they can yield deep environmental data about the American West during the late Pleistocene: vegetation, climate, even the cosmic radiation of the times. Similar middens are being studied in other parts of the world. Even the remains of extinct creatures still exist in dried form. Mammoths are most famous for their permafrost carcasses, but mammoth dung is known from desiccated specimens. Amber Of course Jurassic Park put amber in the public consciousness with its plot based on the idea of retrieving dinosaur DNA from blood-sucking insects trapped in amber. But progress toward that movies scenario is slow and possibly stopped. Lots of different creatures are documented from amber, from frogs and insects to bits of plants. But the published DNA retrievals have not yet been duplicated. Perfect Fossils In a few places plant matter has been preserved in sediment for many millions of years. The Clarkia beds of northern Idaho are between 15 and 20 million years old, putting their origin in the Miocene Epoch. Tree leaves can be split from these rocks still displaying their seasonal colors, green or red. Biochemicals including lignins, flavonoids,  and aliphatic polymers can be extracted from these fossils, and DNA fragments are known from fossil liquidambar, magnolias and tulip trees (Liriodendron). The current champions in this field are the Eocene dawn-redwood forests of Axel Heiberg Island, in the Canadian Arctic. For about 50 million years the stumps, logs, and foliage of these trees have been preserved almost totally unmineralized, thanks to swift burial in conditions that kept oxygen out. Today this fossil wood lies on the ground, ready to pick up and burn. Tourists and coal miners alike threaten this scientific treasure. Dinosaur Marrow Mary Schweitzer, the North Carolina State University professor who documented soft tissues  in Tyrannosaurus rex leg bones, has been exploring biomolecules in ancient fossils for several years. The presence of those in the 68-million-year-old bones was not the oldest of her finds, but actual tissues of this age are unprecedented. The discovery challenges our notions of how fossils form. Surely more examples will be found, perhaps in existing museum specimens. Salt Microbes A startling Nature paper in 2000 reported the revival of bacterial spores from a brine pocket in a salt crystal in a Permian salt bed in New Mexico, some 250 million years old. Naturally, the claim brought criticism: the laboratory or the salt bed was contaminated, and in any case, the DNA of the microbes (the genus Virgibacillus) was too close a match to more recent species. But the discoverers have defended their technique and raised other ​​scenarios  for the DNA evidence. And in the April 2005 Geology they published evidence from the salt itself, showing that it (1) matches what we know of Permian seawater and (2) appears to date from the time of the salts formation, not a later event. For now, this bacillus holds the title of Earths oldest living fossil.

Wedding Planning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Wedding Planning - Research Paper Example The most important is to make a checklist consisting of all the factors to prepare for. Before actually going for the actual interview, the interviewee should be aware of each and every detail of the service to be offered. These includes ideas for venues, photographers, wedding ceremony music, details and procedure of the marriage license, advice for the wedding reception including the time of the reception, other reception activities. As a wedding planner, one should know each and every detail of the wedding and should have proper contacts in the right places. It is obvious that the interviewing couple or family would ask a lot of questions related to the experience of the planner as well as all other minor details of the wedding preparations. Therefore, the interviewee should also have all the necessary documents, brochures of photographers, hotels, caterers etc. It is advisable to also carry pictures of previous weddings planned by the interviewee. This would give an idea to the family of what to expect from their own contract. The interviewee should also be able to give advices on hotel accommodations, photographers, suitable locations etc. The wedding planner should also give details about the packages offered by him for the couple including details of the wedding planning services, wedding day coordination plans, wedding consultations and other services offered. Other important details should include the pricing of the services, significant features of the client contract and every major as well minor detail of the services provided for the wedding. The wedding planner should be able to convince the couple that he would take all the responsibility for the wedding and would make sure that the wedding takes place in the best way possible and according to the wishes of the bride, the groom and their families. The planner should be able to convince the family that he would be responsible for each and every thing and would make sure